Friction Modeling, Identification and Compensation

نویسنده

  • Friedhelm ALTPETER
چکیده

HIGH-PRECISION tracking requires excellent control of slow motion and positioning. Recent advances have provided dynamic friction models that represent almost all experimentally observed properties of friction. The state space formulation of these new mathematical descriptions has the property that the state derivatives are continuous functions. This enables the application of established theories for nonlinear systems. The existence of locally stable fixed points does not imply for nonlinear systems the absence of limit cycles (periodic orbits) or unstable solutions. Therefore, global properties of PI velocity and PID position control are analyzed using a passivity and Lyapunov based approach. These linear control laws are then extended by nonlinear components based on the friction model considered. The applications presented in this work are in the domains of mechatronics and machine-tools. Version abrégée L’ASSERVISSEMENT de haute précision d’entrâınements vise à la mâıtrise de mouvements lents et du positionnement. Récemment, des modèles dynamiques ont été proposés, modèles qui représentent la plupart des phénomènes de frottement observés expérimentalement. Dans la représentation d’état de ces nouvelles descriptions mathématiques, la dérivée de l’état est une fonction continue. Ceci permet l’application des théories établies au sujet de systèmes non linéaires. L’existence de points d’équilibre localement stables n’implique pas, pour un système non linéaire, l’absence de cycles limites (trajectoires périodiques) ou de solutions instables. Les propriétés globales des boucles de réglage PI de vitesse et PID de position sont alors analysées en utilisant les approches de passivité et de Lyapunov. Ces lois de commande linéaires sont ensuite améliorées par des contributions non linéaires à la commande basées sur le modèle du frottement considéré. Les applications qui sont présentées proviennent des domaines de la mécatronique et des machines-outils. Zusammenfassung H von Antrieben bezwecken das Erzielen vorgegebener Kriechbewegungen und das Erreichen einer genauen Achsenpositionierung. Vor kurzem wurden Reibmodelle vorgestellt, die die meisten beobachteten Reibeigenschaften beinhalten. In den Zustandsgleichungen dieser neuen mathematischen Beschreibungen sind die Ableitungen der Zustände nach der Zeit kontinuierliche Funktionen. Dies ermöglicht die Anwendung verbreiteter Theorien für nichtlineare Systeme. Örtlich stabile Fixpunkte, sowie Grenzzyklen (periodische Schwingungen) und instabile Lösungen des Anfangswertproblemes, können bei einem nichtlinearen System gleichzeitig auftreten. Daher sind die globalen Eigenschaften von PI Geschwindigkeitsund PID Positionsregelkreisen zu untersuchen, was mittels Passivität von Untergruppen und der Lyapunovmethode möglich ist. Diese linearen Regler werden anschliessend durch das Hinzufügen reibmodellbasierter nichtlinearer Elemente verbessert. Die vorgestellten Anwendungen stammen aus den Bereichen Mechatronik und Werkzeugmaschinen.

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تاریخ انتشار 1999